The APS awards a limited number of Daland Fellowships in Clinical Investigation for research in the several branches of clinical medicine, including internal medicine, neurology, pediatrics, psychiatry, and surgery. The committee emphasizes patient-oriented research. The fellowships are designed for qualified persons who have held an M.D., D.O, M.D./Ph.D., or D.O./Ph.D. degree for fewer than eight years. Preference is usually given to candidates who have not more than two years of postdoctoral training and research. Applicants, both U.S. citizens and foreign nationals, must expect to perform their research at an institution in the United States, under the supervision of a scientific advisor. Direct contact with patients is mandatory. Candidates are to be nominated by their department chairman in a letter providing assurance that the nominee will work with the guidance of a scientific advisor of established reputation who has guaranteed adequate space, supplies, etc., for the Fellow. The advisor need not be a member of the department nominating the Fellow, nor need the activities of the Fellow be limited to the nominating department. In addition to the nominator and the scientific advisor, another expert must submit a confidential evaluation of the applicant's qualifications to the committee. A total of three letters in all are to be submitted on the applicant's behalf. Please visit the fellowship's website or contact the American Philosophical Society for more information.